A Holistic Framework for Determining the Trade-off between Embodied and Operational Carbon Emissions of High-rise Residential Buildings

Abstract Buildings’ carbon emissions consist of embodied (EC) associated with the production and transportation materials operational (OC) generated from consumed energy during daily use. However, previous studies concentrated on either EC or OC but ignored an integrated analysis their relationships. Therefore, this paper aims to explore appropriate building envelope design solutions by examining trade-off between high-rise residential buildings. To achieve aim, life cycle assessment method was used evaluate buildings using SimaPro DesignBuilder software. A information modelling (BIM) model developed extract geometric data material consumption. typical 30-story public in Hong Kong examined. The case were calculated as 561 kg CO 2e /m 2 50.18 /yr, respectively. Different low scenarios identified literature review semi-structured interviews designers contractors. Results indicate that concrete is effective approach for not only reducing 5%-15%, saving a mild percentage OC, therefore encouraged. changing thickness external walls leads very limited reduction (0.99%). Lower U-value envelopes recommended 2.84% 2.89% reduced when adopting insulations triple-glazing windows. findings are valuable relationships can support decision-making.